Sa huling artikulo Paano nakakaapekto ang mga ground control point at data ng PPK sa relatibong katumpakan ng 3D na modelo, nabanggit namin na bilang karagdagan sa mga data ng GCP at PPK, ang GSD at carrier drone ay mayroon ding partikular na antas ng mga epekto sa relatibong katumpakan ng 3D modelo. Kaya gumawa kami ng isa pang pagsubok para ma-verify ito.
Drone ng carrier |
Pahilig na camera |
Mga GCP |
PPK |
CW10 VTOL |
DG4pros |
HINDI |
HINDI |
Bilang ng mga Bagay |
haba ng pagsukat(L0) |
Haba ng 3D model(L1)GSD=2cm |
Haba ng 3D model(L2)GSD=1.5cm |
DS1(L0-L1) |
DS2(L0-L2) |
1 |
7.210 |
7.18 |
7.20 |
0.030 |
0.010 |
8.706 |
8.69 |
8.65 |
0.016 |
0.056 |
|
10.961 |
10.89 |
10.90 |
0.071 |
0.061 |
|
2 |
7.010 |
6.88 |
6.86 |
0.130 |
0.150 |
3 |
1.822 |
1.76 |
1.76 |
0.062 |
0.062 |
4 |
10.410 |
10.38 |
10.37 |
0.030 |
0.040 |
5 |
10.718 |
10.65 |
10.68 |
0.068 |
0.038 |
6 |
13.787 |
13.72 |
13.71 |
0.067 |
0.077 |
7 |
11.404 |
11.41 |
11.38 |
-0.006 |
0.024 |
12.147 |
12.13 |
12.12 |
0.017 |
0.027 |
|
8 |
7.526 |
7.44 |
7.49 |
0.086 |
0.036 |
13.797 |
13.83 |
13.77 |
-0.033 |
0.027 |
|
9 |
10.374 |
10.35 |
10.35 |
0.024 |
0.024 |
10 |
2.109 |
1.98 |
2.09 |
0.129 |
0.019 |
4.281 |
4.14 |
4.19 |
0.141 |
0.091 |
|
11 |
14.675 |
14.55 |
14.64 |
0.125 |
0.035 |
8.600 |
8.58 |
8.57 |
0.020 |
0.030 |
|
12 |
13.394 |
13.36 |
13.38 |
0.034 |
0.014 |
13 |
12.940 |
12.95 |
12.91 |
-0.010 |
0.030 |
14 |
7.190 |
7.21 |
7.20 |
-0.020 |
-0.010 |
15 |
13.371 |
13.36 |
13.38 |
0.011 |
-0.009 |
6.435 |
6.37 |
6.43 |
0.065 |
0.005 |
|
16 |
3.742 |
3.74 |
3.70 |
0.002 |
0.042 |
17 |
6.022 |
6.03 |
5.99 |
-0.008 |
0.032 |
18 |
3.937 |
3.91 |
3.94 |
0.027 |
-0.003 |
19 |
8.120 |
8.09 |
8.12 |
0.030 |
0.000 |
14.411 |
14.40 |
14.37 |
0.011 |
0.041 |
|
20 |
6.077 |
6.06 |
6.04 |
0.017 |
0.037 |
21 |
13.696 |
13.68 |
13.65 |
0.016 |
0.046 |
RMSE: DS1=0.0397m,DS2=0.0356m |
Drone ng carrier |
Pahilig na camera |
Mga GCP |
PPK |
CW10 VTOL |
DG4pros |
Oo |
Hindi |
Bilang ng mga Bagay |
haba ng pagsukat(L0) |
Haba ng 3D model(L1)GSD=2cm |
Haba ng 3D model(L2)GSD=1.5cm |
DS1(L0-L1) |
DS2(L0-L2) |
1 |
7.210 |
7.18 |
7.21 |
0.030 |
0 |
8.706 |
8.68 |
8.68 |
0.026 |
0.026 |
|
10.961 |
10.91 |
10.87 |
0.051 |
0.091 |
|
2 |
7.010 |
6.92 |
6.88 |
0.090 |
0.13 |
3 |
1.822 |
1.79 |
1.76 |
0.032 |
0.062 |
4 |
10.410 |
10.39 |
10.38 |
0.020 |
0.03 |
5 |
10.718 |
10.66 |
10.72 |
0.058 |
-0.002 |
6 |
13.787 |
13.77 |
13.79 |
0.017 |
-0.003 |
7 |
11.404 |
11.38 |
11.38 |
0.024 |
0.024 |
12.147 |
12.12 |
12.13 |
0.027 |
0.017 |
|
8 |
7.526 |
7.47 |
7.53 |
0.056 |
-0.004 |
13.797 |
13.83 |
13.78 |
-0.033 |
0.017 |
|
9 |
10.374 |
10.34 |
10.37 |
0.034 |
0.004 |
10 |
2.109 |
2.03 |
2.11 |
0.079 |
-0.001 |
4.281 |
4.18 |
4.28 |
0.101 |
0.001 |
|
11 |
14.675 |
14.59 |
14.67 |
0.085 |
0.005 |
8.600 |
8.57 |
8.58 |
0.030 |
0.02 |
|
12 |
13.394 |
13.35 |
13.39 |
0.044 |
0.004 |
13 |
12.940 |
12.92 |
12.9 |
0.020 |
0.04 |
14 |
7.190 |
7.21 |
7.19 |
-0.020 |
0 |
15 |
13.371 |
13.36 |
13.37 |
0.011 |
0.001 |
6.435 |
6.43 |
6.42 |
0.005 |
0.015 |
|
16 |
3.742 |
3.72 |
3.7 |
0.022 |
0.042 |
17 |
6.022 |
6.00 |
5.98 |
0.022 |
0.042 |
18 |
3.937 |
3.94 |
3.91 |
-0.003 |
0.027 |
19 |
8.120 |
8.09 |
8.07 |
0.030 |
0.05 |
14.411 |
14.41 |
14.38 |
0.001 |
0.031 |
|
20 |
6.077 |
6.03 |
6.04 |
0.047 |
0.037 |
21 |
13.696 |
13.65 |
13.65 |
0.046 |
0.046 |
RMSE: DS1=0.0328m,DS2=0.0259m |
Drone ng carrier |
Pahilig na camera |
Mga GCP |
PPK |
CW10 VTOL |
DG4pros |
HINDI |
OO |
Bilang ng mga Bagay |
haba ng pagsukat(L0) |
Haba ng 3D model(L1)GSD=2cm |
Haba ng 3D model(L2)GSD=1.5cm |
DS1(L0-L1) |
DS2(L0-L2) |
1 |
7.210 |
7.20 |
7.20 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
8.706 |
8.71 |
8.69 |
0.00 |
0.02 |
|
10.961 |
10.87 |
10.88 |
0.09 |
0.08 |
|
2 |
7.010 |
6.89 |
6.87 |
0.12 |
0.14 |
3 |
1.822 |
1.79 |
1.75 |
0.03 |
0.07 |
4 |
10.410 |
10.39 |
10.38 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
5 |
10.718 |
10.67 |
10.69 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
6 |
13.787 |
13.75 |
13.78 |
0.04 |
0.01 |
7 |
11.404 |
11.39 |
11.38 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
12.147 |
12.13 |
12.12 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
|
8 |
7.526 |
7.51 |
7.49 |
0.02 |
0.04 |
13.797 |
13.79 |
13.78 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
9 |
10.374 |
10.35 |
10.34 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
10 |
2.109 |
2.03 |
2.02 |
0.08 |
0.09 |
4.281 |
4.15 |
4.21 |
0.13 |
0.07 |
|
11 |
14.675 |
14.61 |
14.65 |
0.07 |
0.03 |
8.600 |
8.60 |
8.57 |
0.00 |
0.03 |
|
12 |
13.394 |
13.37 |
13.40 |
0.02 |
-0.01 |
13 |
12.940 |
12.88 |
12.89 |
0.06 |
0.05 |
14 |
7.190 |
7.20 |
7.18 |
-0.01 |
0.01 |
15 |
13.371 |
13.36 |
13.38 |
0.01 |
-0.01 |
6.435 |
6.40 |
6.46 |
0.03 |
-0.03 |
|
16 |
3.742 |
3.75 |
3.75 |
-0.01 |
-0.01 |
17 |
6.022 |
5.97 |
5.97 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
18 |
3.937 |
3.93 |
3.91 |
0.01 |
0.03 |
19 |
8.120 |
8.10 |
8.08 |
0.02 |
0.04 |
14.411 |
14.40 |
14.38 |
0.01 |
0.03 |
|
20 |
6.077 |
6.04 |
6.05 |
0.04 |
0.03 |
21 |
13.696 |
13.65 |
13.67 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
RMSE: DS1=0.0342m,DS2=0.0328m |
Drone ng carrier |
Pahilig na camera |
Mga GCP |
PPK |
CW10 VTOL |
DG4pros |
OO |
OO |
Bilang ng mga Bagay |
haba ng pagsukat(L0) |
Haba ng 3D model(L1)GSD=2cm |
Haba ng 3D model(L2)GSD=1.5cm |
DS1(L0-L1) |
DS2(L0-L2) |
1 |
7.21 |
7.21 |
7.21 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
8.706 |
8.68 |
8.7 |
0.03 |
0.01 |
|
10.961 |
10.90 |
10.89 |
0.06 |
0.07 |
|
2 |
7.01 |
6.98 |
6.99 |
0.03 |
0.02 |
3 |
1.822 |
1.80 |
1.78 |
0.02 |
0.04 |
4 |
10.41 |
10.40 |
10.39 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
5 |
10.718 |
10.70 |
10.69 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
6 |
13.787 |
13.77 |
13.76 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
7 |
11.404 |
11.39 |
11.39 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
12.147 |
12.13 |
12.12 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
|
8 |
7.526 |
7.49 |
7.51 |
0.04 |
0.02 |
13.797 |
13.81 |
13.8 |
-0.01 |
0.00 |
|
9 |
10.374 |
10.36 |
10.35 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
10 |
2.109 |
2.02 |
2.11 |
0.09 |
0.00 |
4.281 |
4.16 |
4.28 |
0.12 |
0.00 |
|
11 |
14.675 |
14.66 |
14.68 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
8.6 |
8.54 |
8.53 |
0.06 |
0.07 |
|
12 |
13.394 |
13.35 |
13.37 |
0.04 |
0.02 |
13 |
12.94 |
12.89 |
12.91 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
14 |
7.19 |
7.18 |
7.2 |
0.01 |
-0.01 |
15 |
13.371 |
13.35 |
13.35 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
6.435 |
6.41 |
6.4 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
|
16 |
3.742 |
3.72 |
3.71 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
17 |
6.022 |
5.98 |
5.98 |
0.04 |
0.04 |
18 |
3.937 |
3.89 |
3.89 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
19 |
8.12 |
8.12 |
8.1 |
0.00 |
0.02 |
14.411 |
14.40 |
14.39 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
20 |
6.077 |
6.03 |
6.03 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
21 |
13.696 |
13.66 |
13.64 |
0.04 |
0.06 |
RMSE: DS1=0.0308m,DS2=0.0249m |
Ang mga variable ng eksperimento 1 ay:
1:May/Walang data ng PPK.
2: May/Walang mga GCP.
3:ibang GSD:1.5 cm o 2cm
Pagkatapos ng pagsusuri sa apat na hanay ng pang-eksperimentong data, maaari nating gawin ang mga sumusunod na konklusyon:
Kapag ang pahilig na camera ay DG4Pros:
(1) May/Walang ground control point (GCP) at data ng PPK na kasangkot sa AT triangulation, ito man ay isang VTOL o isang multi-rotor drone, kung ang GSD ay 2cm o 1.5cm, ang 3D na modelo na binuo ng oblique camera na DG4Pros maaaring matugunan ang mga kinakailangan ng relatibong katumpakan error Ds≤10cm(Actually ≤5cm).
(2) Kapag ang GSD ay ang solong variable, ang relatibong katumpakan ng 3D na modelo na may GSD=1.5cm ay mas mahusay kaysa sa GSD=2cm na iyon.
Pahilig na camera |
Mga GCP |
PPK |
GSD |
DG4pros |
HINDI |
HINDI |
1.5cm |
Bilang ng mga Bagay |
haba ng pagsukat(L0) |
Haba ng 3D model(L1)CW10 |
Haba ng 3D model(L2)M600Pro |
DS1(L0-L1) |
DS2(L0-L2) |
1 |
7.21 |
7.20 |
7.19 |
0.010 |
0.02 |
8.706 |
8.65 |
8.70 |
0.056 |
0.01 |
|
10.961 |
10.90 |
10.91 |
0.061 |
0.05 |
|
2 |
7.01 |
6.86 |
6.98 |
0.150 |
0.03 |
3 |
1.822 |
1.76 |
1.79 |
0.062 |
0.03 |
4 |
10.41 |
10.37 |
10.39 |
0.040 |
0.02 |
5 |
10.718 |
10.68 |
10.69 |
0.038 |
0.03 |
6 |
13.787 |
13.71 |
13.76 |
0.077 |
0.03 |
7 |
11.404 |
11.38 |
11.38 |
0.024 |
0.02 |
12.147 |
12.12 |
12.12 |
0.027 |
0.03 |
|
8 |
7.526 |
7.49 |
7.50 |
0.036 |
0.03 |
13.797 |
13.77 |
13.77 |
0.027 |
0.03 |
|
9 |
10.374 |
10.35 |
10.33 |
0.024 |
0.04 |
10 |
2.109 |
2.09 |
2.02 |
0.019 |
0.09 |
4.281 |
4.19 |
4.20 |
0.091 |
0.08 |
|
11 |
14.675 |
14.64 |
14.65 |
0.035 |
0.03 |
8.6 |
8.57 |
8.57 |
0.030 |
0.03 |
|
12 |
13.394 |
13.38 |
13.35 |
0.014 |
0.04 |
13 |
12.94 |
12.91 |
12.92 |
0.030 |
0.02 |
14 |
7.19 |
7.20 |
7.17 |
-0.010 |
0.02 |
15 |
13.371 |
13.38 |
13.35 |
-0.009 |
0.02 |
6.435 |
6.43 |
6.41 |
0.005 |
0.02 |
|
16 |
3.742 |
3.70 |
3.70 |
0.042 |
0.04 |
17 |
6.022 |
5.99 |
5.99 |
0.032 |
0.03 |
18 |
3.937 |
3.94 |
3.89 |
-0.003 |
0.05 |
19 |
8.12 |
8.12 |
8.08 |
0.000 |
0.04 |
14.411 |
14.37 |
14.36 |
0.041 |
0.05 |
|
20 |
6.077 |
6.04 |
6.06 |
0.037 |
0.02 |
21 |
13.696 |
13.65 |
13.65 |
0.046 |
0.05 |
RMSE: DS1=0.0356m,DS2=0.342m |
Pahilig na camera |
Mga GCP |
PPK |
GSD |
DG4pros |
OO |
HINDI |
1.5cm |
Bilang ng mga Bagay |
haba ng pagsukat(L0) |
Haba ng 3D model(L1)CW10 |
Haba ng 3D model(L2)M600Pro |
DS1(L0-L1) |
DS2(L0-L2) |
1 |
7.21 |
7.21 |
7.21 |
0 |
0.00 |
8.706 |
8.68 |
8.70 |
0.026 |
0.01 |
|
10.961 |
10.87 |
10.91 |
0.091 |
0.05 |
|
2 |
7.01 |
6.88 |
6.98 |
0.13 |
0.03 |
3 |
1.822 |
1.76 |
1.80 |
0.062 |
0.02 |
4 |
10.41 |
10.38 |
10.39 |
0.03 |
0.02 |
5 |
10.718 |
10.72 |
10.70 |
-0.002 |
0.02 |
6 |
13.787 |
13.79 |
13.75 |
-0.003 |
0.04 |
7 |
11.404 |
11.38 |
11.38 |
0.024 |
0.02 |
12.147 |
12.13 |
12.13 |
0.017 |
0.02 |
|
8 |
7.526 |
7.53 |
7.49 |
-0.004 |
0.04 |
13.797 |
13.78 |
13.79 |
0.017 |
0.01 |
|
9 |
10.374 |
10.37 |
10.35 |
0.004 |
0.02 |
10 |
2.109 |
2.11 |
2.07 |
-0.001 |
0.04 |
4.281 |
4.28 |
4.21 |
0.001 |
0.07 |
|
11 |
14.675 |
14.67 |
14.66 |
0.005 |
0.02 |
8.6 |
8.58 |
8.57 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
|
12 |
13.394 |
13.39 |
13.35 |
0.004 |
0.04 |
13 |
12.94 |
12.9 |
12.93 |
0.04 |
0.01 |
14 |
7.19 |
7.19 |
7.18 |
0 |
0.01 |
15 |
13.371 |
13.37 |
13.36 |
0.001 |
0.01 |
6.435 |
6.42 |
6.42 |
0.015 |
0.01 |
|
16 |
3.742 |
3.7 |
3.71 |
0.042 |
0.03 |
17 |
6.022 |
5.98 |
6.00 |
0.042 |
0.02 |
18 |
3.937 |
3.91 |
3.91 |
0.027 |
0.03 |
19 |
8.12 |
8.07 |
8.10 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
14.411 |
14.38 |
14.35 |
0.031 |
0.06 |
|
20 |
6.077 |
6.04 |
6.06 |
0.037 |
0.02 |
21 |
13.696 |
13.65 |
13.67 |
0.046 |
0.03 |
RMSE: DS1=0.0259m,DS2=0.256m |
Ang mga variable ng eksperimento 2 ay:
1: May/Walang mga GCP.
2: Iba't ibang Carrier drone: isang VTOL drone o isang multi-rotor drone
Pagkatapos ng pagsusuri ng dalawang set ng pang-eksperimentong data, maaari nating gawin ang mga sumusunod na konklusyon:
Kapag ang pahilig na camera ay DG4Pros:
(1) May/Walang ground control point (GCP) ito man ay VTOL o multi-rotor drone, ang 3D model na binuo ng oblique camera na DG4Pros ay maaaring matugunan ang mga kinakailangan ng relatibong accuracy error Ds≤10cm(Actually ≤5cm).
(2) Kapag ang mga uri ng carrier drone ay isang variable, ang relatibong katumpakan ng 3D na modelo na may multi-rotor ay mas mahusay kaysa sa VTOL, ngunit ang pagkakaiba ay hindi masyadong malaki.